النتائج الحديثة للتنقيبات الأثرية في موقع قصر شمامك
الموسم السابع (2018): الطبقات الأثرية، والبقايا المعمارية
د. ماريا غراسيا ماسيتي- روو، مديرة البعثة الفرنسية في قصر شمامك (كوردستان، العراق)، أستاذة في المدرسة التطبيقية للدراسات العليا – (PSL)، جامعة السوربون، باريس، (UMR 8167) المشرق والمتوسط.
د. أوليفية روو، نائب مدير البعثة، أستاذ في جامعة ليون الثانية، (UMR 5133)، (Archéorient).
د. عمر أحمد محمود، عضو في البعثة، جامعة سوران.
د. نرمين علي محمد أمين، عضو في البعثة، جامعة صلاح الدين.
ملخص:
جرى الموسم السابع للتنقيبات في موقع قصر شمامك (كيليزو) خلال شهر تشرين الأول/اكتوبر، 2018. ركزت البعثة على دراسة عصور الانتقال بين الفترات الاستيطانية الأهم، خاصة تلك العائدة للعصر الآشوري الحديث والوسيط؛ وكذلك دراسة السويات الأثرية الأقدم. توزع العمل على المنطقتين (A)، في المنحدر الجنوبي، والموقع (B)، في الجزء الشمالي الشرقي للتل. تم رصد ثمان مراحل زمنية على الأقل في الموقع (A) الغربي: طبقة الردم السطحي، الطبقة البارثية، الفارسية الهللنستية، مرحلة إعادة بناء الرصيف الآشوري، والبناء الأقدم لهذا الرصيف، ثم سويات عصر البرونز الحديث. وفي الحقل التنقيبي (B)، قمنا بالتنقيب والكشف عن سويات جديدة، حيث وصلت عدد السويات التي حددناها حتى الآن إلى 14 سوية، بدءأً بالسوية السطحية، مروراً بالسويات البارثية، وسويات عصر الحديد، وصولاً إلى سويات البرونز المتأخر؛ فتعرفنا بشكل أوضح على تسلسل الطبقات المرتبطة بأرضية قصر أدد نيراري الأول، ومراحل بناء هذا القصر وعلاقته مع المدينة وضواحيها. سمحت لنا التنقيبات بفهم أفضل للظروف والتأثيرات التي نتجت عن التغيير السياسي والإداري البارز في المدينة وفي المجتمع، وكيفية التعاطي مع البيئة المحيطة.
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